Alphonse Mucha Art Style Overview

Alphonse Mucha Art Style Overview Alphonse Mucha is best known for his luxurious poster and product designs, which encapsulate the Art Nouveau style. Interest in his work was revived in 1980 when it was shown at an exhibition at the Grand Palais in Paris. Alphonse Mucha was born in South Moravia. In 1882 he started to earn a living by painting portraits in Mikulov. The following year Count Khuen commissioned Mucha to decorate his castle at Emmahof and his brother Count Egon Belasi became his patron. He was educated at the Munich Academy of Arts and at the Acadà ©mie Julian in Paris and after completing work for Count Khuen began work as an illustrator in 1889. His first work was a theatre magazine entitled Le Costume au Theatre and in it his first drawing of Sarah Bernhardt as Cleopatra appeared in 1890. By 1895 he had signed a six year contract with Bernardt to produce stage and costume designs as well as posters. At the same time Mucha joined the Salon des Cent, a Symbolist group that included Bonnard, Mallarmà © and Toulouse-Lautrec. He designed a poster for their 20th exhibition in 1896 and the next year he exhibited many of his works at this exhibition as well as at his own one-man show at the Topic Gallery in Prague. Between 1903 and 1922 Alphonse Mucha made four visits to the United States where his work proved particularly successful. Charles Richard Crane, a Chicago industrialist and Slavophile, agreed to finance Muchas series of 20 huge paintings entitled Slav Epic (1909-1928). He continued to work on a number of projects, however, including the design of new postage stamps for Czechoslovakia in 1918 and producing a number of posters and designs for public buildings besides the Slav Epic for example, Allegory of Prague (1911) for the Prague Town Hall. He completed the full cycle of the Slav Epic finally in 1928 and it was exhibited at the Trade Fair Palace. Just three years later he was commissioned to produce a stained-glass window for the St. Vitus Cathedral, then in 1938 embarked on yet another mammoth project involving a triptych, The Age of Wisdom, The Age of Love and The Age of Reason. Sadly they were never completed as he died in 1939. For the Slavs, the plastic arts are a common striving towards a symbolic manifestation a taste for symbols is part of the inheritance of all Slavs That is why the language of symbols is the surest way to communicate our feelings to our brother Slavs. Alphonse Mucha. Alfons Mucha was born in Southern Moravia on July 24, 1860. At the age of seventeen the artist left his home, to work as a painter of stage decorations at the Vienna Ringtheater. When there was a fire at the theater, Mucha lost his job. He found new employment at the Vienese castle with Count Khuen, who became his patron and sent him to the Munich art academy a few years later. From there, Alfons Mucha went on to Paris in 1887 to continue his studies at the Acadà ©mie Julian and then at the Acadà ©mie Colarossi. Due to a lack of financial support from Khuen, however, the student was forced to leave the academy and earn a living as an illustrator. During this time he produced a large number of sketches and drawings. These were studies for illustrations, which were later published in Figaro illustrà ©, Petit Parisien illustrà © and other journals. This early work and the prints for illustrated books like L ´Ãƒ ©là ©fant blanc by Judith Gauthier, at which Alfons Mucha worked during this time, still reflect the usual academic historic style of the time. By coincidence, thanks to an employer of Lemercier printers, Mucha was commissioned to design a poster for Sarah Bernhardt in 1894. This provided the launchpad for Muchas future success and importance as an influencial designer of French Art Nouveau. Sarah Bernhardt was impressed by the artists work. From then on, the famous actress not only had Mucha design her posters but also her costumes and stages. The public also liked Muchas works very much and he became a famous, widely talked about and celebrated master almost over night. Around 1900 Alfons Mucha reached the peak of his fame. Muchas theoretical theses Documents Dà ©coratives and Figures Dà ©coratives influenced the applied art of the time significantly. From now on, people talk about Mucha style whose typical elements like the arabesque hair and the aureole surrounding the female profile, were often copied. In 1900 Alfons Mucha took part in the Paris World Exposition, evoking general attention with his wall decorations in Bosnia and Herzegovinas pavilion. In 1904 Alfons Mucha went to America, where he produced wall decorations, stages settings and portraits during a prolonged stay in New York. Alongside he taught drawing and compostition at the Chicago Art Institute. After Muchas return to his home country, shortly before World War I, he dedicated considerable time to lithographic work. Then he became increasingly occupied by a series of 20 pictures entitled Là ©popà ©e Slave, the Slavian Epos. Mucha finished the large format continuation (6 x 8m) of the decoration of the Bosnian pavilion in 1928 and donated it to the city of Prague. Alfons Mucha died in Prague shortly before the invasion of Czechoslovakia by German troops on July 14, 1939. Alphonse Mucha with his decorative posters has become a kind of trademark and synonym for the Art Nouveau movement. In the sixties his poster reproductions had a revival and were popular again among the flower-power and hippie generation. The images on this page are link-sensitive and take you to other articles or web sites in which you might be interested. Alphonse Mucha his Academic Training Alfons Maria Mucha was born in Ivancice, a small provincial town in the Czech Republic. He started his artistic career as an autodidact. Alfons Mucha had a vocational training in stage decorations in Vienna from 1879 to 1881. In the evening he attended a class in drawing. After a few occasional commissions for decorative paintings, he went to Munich in Southern Bavaria. Here he studied at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts from 1885 until 1887. After Munich, Mucha moved to the mecca of arts, Paris. Here he studied with different teachers. He lived in modest conditions and could survive with small commissions for book and newspaper illustrations. For a short period he shared a studio with Paul Gauguin. The Breakthrough In December 1894 Mucha became famous with a commission for a poster for the actress Sarah Bernard. Sarah Bernard was a celebrity of her time. His poster design for the play Gismonda became a sensation in Paris. Sarah Bernhard was delighted. He received an exclusive contract for six consecutive years by the actress. In the following years, he not only designed all her posters, but her theater decorations and costumes as well. From now on the artist was swamped with commissions for all kind of commercial print advertising. His Style By this time Mucha had developed his own personal style characterized by art nouveau elements, tender colors and bycantine decorative elements. And all these elements were ranked around images of fairy like young women with long hair and splendid, refined costumes. In the coming years, this type of female images should become his trademark. Mucha used lithography as the printing technique for his posters. The posters are usually signed in the block. Some of his posters were produced as sets like The Four Seasons. Complete sets count among the most searched for of his works. Public Recognition for Alphonse Mucha In 1890 the artist had his first one man show in Paris with 448 works on display. His art work was not confined to the printing media. He designed tissues, stamps and even bank bills. In 1900 he received a commission by the Austrian government to decorate the Austrian pavilion for the World Fair in Paris of 1900. He became also active in designing jewelry. Between 1904 and 1921 Mucha traveled frequently to the United States. He took commissions in the US and taught art at art academies in New York and Chicago. In 1939 the German Nazis occupied Czechoslovakia. The popularity of the artist made him a number one target for the Gestapo, the Nazi secret police. He was arrested, interrogated and realeased. Shortly afterwards, Alphonse Maria Mucha died on July 14, 1939 in Prague. The city of Prague has dedicated an Alphonse Mucha Museum to the artist.

Continuity and Change over Time Essay Essay

Things that stayed the same in India from 300 CE to 600 CE were the Gupta rule, the caste system, Hinduism, scientific advances, and trade. Things that changed during this period were the fall in popularity of Buddhism, the decline in Silk Road trade, and the fall of the Gupta. Things that stayed the same in India from 300 CE to 600 CE were the Gupta rule, the social structure, the most popular religion, and the wealth generated by trade. Hinduism will continue to be the popular religion in India. The caste system was the main social structure. The Brahmins were the highest class in India. Because they were priests, who showed their support for the caste system, they were kept in high political standing. During this period, there were continuous advancements. This included astronomy, mathematics, literature, and medicine. They created a number system and identified pi; they also had doctors that were able to perform operations. India had been connected to trade routes since the time of Cyrus the Great (around 550 BCE). They had also mastered the monsoon winds which allowed them to trade in the Indian Ocean basin. The Silk Roads allowed for traders to sell all the way from the Chinese Empires to the Western Roman Empires. They traded spices such as pepper, cosmetics, gems and pearls. Other empires saw India’s wealth and clambered to trade with them. This allowed the spread of Buddhism to China, and Hinduism to Southeast Asia. Things that changed in India from 300 CE to 600 CE were the fall in popularity of Buddhism, the decline in Silk Road trade, and the fall of the Gupta. Once Ashoka was no longer in power, there was no one high up in the political structure that was encouraging the masses to convert to Buddhism, so they turned back to Hinduism. All along the Silk Road, illness was spreading. Rome was afflicted by the bubonic plague and small pox. To try and stop these diseases from afflicting the people of the empire, they moved to a more regional, self-sufficient form of trade. This, however, caused an economic slowdown. The end to the Gupta dynasty was because of the invasion of the White Huns. This ended in the splitting of India into smaller, regional kingdoms. Things that stayed the same in India from 300 CE to 600 CE were the social structure, the most popular religion, and the wealth generated by trade. Hinduism will continue to be the popular religion in India. Things that changed during this period included the decrease in converts to Buddhism, the epidemics plaguing the Silk Roads slowing trade, and the eventual overthrow of the reigning dynasty. Continuity and Change over Time Essay: Rome from 100 CE to 600 CE Things that stayed the same in Rome from 100 CE to 600 CE were slavery, trade, latafundias, technological advances, and family roles. Things that changed during this period were the influences of Christianity, social changes, the splitting of the Empire, and the Fall of Rome. Things that stayed the same in Rome from 100 CE to 600 CE were slavery, latafundias, trade, technological advances, and family roles. In the 2nd c. CE, over 1/3 of the Roman population was slaves. This made it hard to find work in the middle and lower class. This was mainly because of the monopoly latafundia owners had over the agricultural business. Latafundias were similar to plantations in that they were large in scale, and run on slave labor. This allowed the owners to sell their products for cheap, and cause smaller farms to have to sell their land. Trade was mainly continuous throughout the Roman Empire. They imported goods from all along the Silk Roads, from India the traded spices, from Egypt and Persia carpets and grain, from parts of the Mediterranean wine and oil, and from China silk. One of the major advances they made was the development of concrete. They created advanced sewage systems, and continued the construction of the Roman road and bridge projects. Throughout Roman history, society was run by the male head of the family, called the pater family. Women were subservient to men (except for in Sparta) but they did have a few rights. Wealthy women often wielded power behind-the-scenes. Things that changed during this period were the influences of Christianity, social changes, the splitting of the Empire, and the Fall of Rome. Social  changes within the empire became more and more apparent because the newly rich began challenging the aristocratic class. The poor class began to grow rapidly. The Roman Empire wasn’t accepting of Christianity, because of its refusal to worship any of their gods. Christianity began to spread through the Roman Empire, and Constantine created the Edict of Milan to accept Christianity within the Empire, because he converted to Christianity. Diocletian negotiated with Persia and was able to successfully divide the Roman Empire in two. Constantine ordered the construction of Constantinople. The fall of the Roman Empire was caused by several internal factors. The Barracks Emperors or the 26 claimants to the throne resulted in a power struggle. The diseases that were spreading over the Silk Roads caused Rome to begin trading regionally, eventually collapsing its imperial economy. When the Chinese continued building the Great Wall, it pushed the Huns westward towards the Visigoths. The Visigoths then pushed west, trying to escape the Huns, forcing the Germanic tribes into Rome. The Germanic tribes wreaked havoc in Rome, and eventually seized power, ending the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE. So the saying â€Å"Rome Fell when China Built a Wall† has some truth to it. Things that stayed the same in Rome from 100 CE to 600 CE were social standings of slaves, Silk Road trading, large aristocratically owned plantations, advances within the empire, and roles within the family structure. Things that changed during this period were the reigning religion, changes to social standing, the division of Rome, and the eventual end of the empire.

The Arab Israeli conflict has been an issue for over many...

The Arab Israeli conflict has been an issue for over many years. After the events of the Holocaust, many people believed that the Jews deserved a safe home to stay. Because of the Jewish background that says that God promised Abrahams descendants the land of Israel. By 1947, Palestine was full of Jews that were trying to escape the persecution known as the Zionist Movement. The Jews liked the idea of having a Jewish homeland. However the local Palestinian population of Muslim Arabs felt that the constant immigration was threatening their way of life. The conflict between the Arabic and Jewish populations had been constant for many years before the holocaust. It only came to light in the years after it ended. Diplomats and other†¦show more content†¦I felt that there was a country out there that was spacious enough for the Jews and the rest of occupying population, and that had people that would accept the Jews. So I researched countries around the world that would accept the Jews and be spacious enough for most of them to relocate to. After much research I found that not many countries qualified for the place that the Jews new homeland could be, but there was one country that stood out and was pretty close for what the Jews needed. That country would be Australia. There were many reasons I found that would make Australia a great place for the homeland of the Jews. Some of the physical reasons were that Australia is the third least densely populated country in the world. The population density of Australia is about 3 people per square mile so there is more than enough room for the Jews. The climate there is varied and nice year round. While Palestine is very dry and full of deserts. Australia has a much nicer climate so it would be more suitable for the Jewish population. The Australians abundant and diverse natural resources would attract many foreign inverters and provide economic security. Some other reasons are that, between the whole population of about 20 million Australians, close to 115,000 and 120,000 Jews already live there. There are about 81 synagogues and 18Show MoreRelatedThe Triumph Of Israel, By Etgar Keret s The Girl On The Fridge And Sayed Kashua S Third1706 Words   |  7 PagesIsrael is undoubtedly a country for the history books with its great conflicts, victories, atrocities, and deep necessity which makes it quite unique from any others and there are perhaps no better words to describe its history than with â€Å"tragedy† and â€Å"triumph.† After this semester, I feel that I have a pretty clear viewpoint on these ideas. 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They had been wandering around deserts, were once slaves in Egypt, but didn’t have any land to their name. Following the Holocaust, after many Jews had been persecuted by Hitler and the Nazis, a good portion of the overall amount of Jews in the world let alone Europe had been exterminated. As a result, Harry Truman and the UN suggested Israel, a homeland for the Jews. Tensions had been growing throughout the beginning of the 2 0th Century regardingRead More The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Essay3354 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the most controversial conflicts in modern history. The expansion of Israel since 1947 is seen as the beginning of the conflict, although its origins go back to the end of the 19th century, when Jewish immigration to Palestine began to increase. Since the start of the conflict, several peace negotiations have been carried out, resulting in variable degrees of success. This essay will focus on how theorists of peace and conflict have analysedRead MoreThis paper is about the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict and favors the side of Israel. Basically a persuasive essay and argues for Israel.2639 Words   |  11 PagesSince the establishment of Israel in 1948, there has been constant fighting between Israelis and Arabs. The Israelis have the right to live peacefully in Israel, but there is a conflict because the Palestinians feel that Israel is their land. During recent years the conflict in the Middle East had been exploded on to our television screens. Day after day images of violence and suffering have dominated the news. Scenes of heavily armed Israeli soldiers facing young Palestinian children hurling stones

President Obama s Final State Of The Union Speech

Travon Felton In January 12, 2016, President Obama has given his final State of the Union Speech. In his speech, Mr. Obama addressed one of the major concerns that is happening in America today. One of the key terms that he addressed is the Changing Economy and how it is growing and he talks about the concerning terrorist threats from the Islamic States by mentioning about the United States effort to prevent global terrorism with this powerful speech: â€Å"When you come after Americans, we go after you, It may take time, but we have long memories, and our reach has no limit.†(President Obama addresses threats from the Islamic State, NY Times) Mr. Obama also mentions the issue about climate change and how over the years the weather has gotten even hotter and stated how developing clean energy sources is very important. Mr. Obama also address American Innovation by saying â€Å"Our unique strengths as a nation — our optimism and work ethic, our spirit of discovery and innovation , our diversity and commitment to the rule of law — these things give us everything we need to ensure prosperity and security for generations to come In fact, it’s that spirit that made the progress of these past seven years possible. it’s how we recovered from the worst economic crisis in generations† (Obama on American Innovation, NY Times) Obama also calls on congress to raise the national minimum wage and to led a national push for an increased minimum wage. He did support the minimum wage increasesShow MoreRelatedBarack Obama s President Obama935 Words   |  4 PagesAs stated in the Constitution of the United States, the President shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient. 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Essay The Tragic Fall Of Oedipus in Oedipus the King

Tragic Fall Of Oedipus Rex in Sophocles Oedipus Rex The tragic fall of Oedipus in Sophocles play â€Å"Oedipus Rex† is both self-inflicted and result of events drawn from his own destiny. First off early on in Oedipus’ life his first deadly mistake towards succeeding his self-inflicted downfall was the murder of his father the former king. In a blind rage without any motive, he kills Liaus and his men at a rode crossing. Fate may have had led him to that point but it was his own rage that resulted in his biggest mistake. Further evidence of his self-inflicted downfall Oedipus’ was at the hands of his own ignorance. This ignorance combined with his stubborn, determined attitude does not allow him foresight. This foresight would have led†¦show more content†¦Creon then tries to warn Oedipus about his condemning, â€Å"To slur a good man’s name/With baseless slander is one crime-another/Is rashly to mistake bad men for good./Cast out an honest friend, and you cast out/Your life, your dearest treasure .† [pg42]. As Creon tries to convince him to go about things in a more timely, and sensible way Oedipus hears none of it and still pursues his march of getting to the bottom laying the blame elsewhere all along the way. As Creon and Teriesas both note suggestions to Oedipus’ involvement he still pursues further investigation without the littlest consideration at his own guilt. This lack of foresight, and understanding again is another cause to Oedipus’ self-inflicted downfall. However, there are many factors that contribute his downfall that he could not have prevented and were truly acts of fate and destiny. His self-assurance to his wisdom that was bred by his â€Å"mother-wit and not by bird-lore† (as he takes a stab at Teriesas pg 37) really comes to surface during his encounter with a riddling Sphinx. This inflated view of his wisdom later leads to his downfall. But it was only by fate that he ignorant Oedipus was awarded a IQ freebie from theShow Mor eRelatedOedipus, an Ironic Tragic Hero1034 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus, an Ironic Tragic Hero Much of the tragedy of the play comes from the irony involved in fate Oedipus’s life. Being a tragic hero Oedipus is on a quest for truth, during his quest he realizes that if he continues on his quest for truth he will cause himself great harm yet he continues his pursuit for truth. The audience is seized by the ironic nature of this play, and the tragic nature of Oedipus’s life. Oedipus is lines up against fate and takes steps to try not to fulfill the prophecyRead MoreOedipus the King a Tragic Hero936 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 1302-6504 Mrs.Weatherford 21 November 2011 A Tragic Hero Indeed! In Sophocles tragedy Oedipus the King, King Oedipus swears to solve the murder of former King Laios in order to free the city from the plague. The plague taunts the city destroying crops and livestock and making the women unable to bear children. A seer, Teirsias tells Oedipus that he himself is Thebes’s pollution for killing his father and marrying his mother. Oedipus ignores his words and is blind to the truth until he discoversRead MoreOedipus The King By Sophocles848 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus the King, written by Sophocles, follows the tragic story of a king named Oedipus who goes from an all-powerful ruler to a hopeless blind peasant. Oedipus the King was written as a play and performed in front of an audience. Sophocles shows in Oedipus the King that one cannot escape the fate of the gods. Throughout the play Oedipus struggles to find a solution and change all the troubles in his life. The play observes the story of Oedipus who defies the gods and through the journe y experiencesRead MoreOedipus The King, A Tragic Hero Story Of Fate1495 Words   |  6 Pages OEDIPUS THE KING, A TRAGIC HERO STORY OF FATE Pamela A. Long L26269572 ENGL 102 Professor Givens March 2, 2015 Turabian Sophocles is one of the great ancient Greek tragedians in the history of drama. In the play â€Å"Oedipus the King,† Oedipus is an excellent example of fate happening to a tragic hero. In addition, this play has all the elements of tragedy; human weakness, powerless, suffering, and one not having control of his own destiny. As a result, â€Å"Oedipus the King† is theRead MoreMakings of a Tragic Hero1202 Words   |  5 PagesA possible theme for Oedipus the King by Sophocles is that one’s blindness can hide the inevitability that is his destiny. Oedipus is in this situation. He struggles to escape his fate: killing his father and marrying his mother and believes he is successful. Sophocles believes that the gpds control one’s destiny and the inevitability that a person will do what is destined despite there hero’s intentions.Oedipus represent the standards of a true tragic hero: he is well known, basically good, hisRead MoreOedipus the King: A Greek Tragic Hero Essay516 Words   |  3 Pagesanalysis of the â€Å"tragic hero† of Greek drama. In his work, Poetics, he defines a tragic hero as â€Å"...The man who on the one hand is not pre-eminent in virtue and justice, and yet on the other hand does not fall into misfortune through vice or depravity, but falls because of some mistake; one among the number of the highly renowned and prosperous.† Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero is clearly shown by the main character in the Greek tragedy Oedipus the King by Sophocles. Oedipus, the protagonistRead MoreOedipus And His Tragic Traits. In Sophocles Play Oedipus1017 Words   |  5 PagesOedipus and His Tragic Traits In Sophocles play Oedipus the King, Sophocles depicts the horrible fate of Oedipus, a pompous, arrogant young ruler. The story begins in the Greek town of Thebes. A plague has descended upon the Thebians causing death and famine throughout the land. Oedipus, being the heroic king, takes full responsibility to find out the cause of their aliments. While working to discover the source of the plague, Oedipus stumbles upon the tragic truth of his heritage and the horrifyingRead MoreOedipus As A Tragic Hero1094 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play Oedipus the King, Oedipus struggles to accept the truth and lets his temper over power him. He can be displayed as a tragic hero. His refusal to accept the truth led to Oedipus’ down fall. A tragic hero, as defined by Aristotle, â€Å"is a literary character who makes a judgment error that inevitably leads to his/her own destruction.† Sophocles’ Oedipus exemplifies Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero. In the play, Oedipus unknowingly has cursed the entire town of Thebes. He was cursedRead MoreOedipus Rex, Sophocles1252 Words   |  6 PagesOedipus the ideal Tragic Hero Kelli Richards Liberty University Abstract In the play Oedipus Rex, Sophocles portrays Oedipus who is also the main character, as a good- natured, beautiful, noble yet narcissistic person who has a lapse of judgment and fall from power. Throughout the play Oedipus makes a few profound decisions for which he is condemned to plentiful suffering;Read MoreCharacteristics of a Tragic Hero in Oedipus the King by Sophocles1238 Words   |  5 Pagesspecific definition of a tragic hero, it can be concluded that Oedipus is a tragic hero. Oedipus The King was written by a well-known tragic dramatist named Sophocles. This story is considered to be one of the greatest tragedies of all time. In fact, the Marjorie Barstow of the Classical Weekly says that it â€Å"fulfills the function of a tragedy, and arouses fear and pity in the highest degree† (Barstow). It is also very controversial because of the relationship that Oedipus has with his mother, although

The Secret Circle The Divide Chapter 14 Free Essays

â€Å"Okay,† Diana said. â€Å"We don’t have much time. Who has something to report?† The Circle was eating lunch in their new spot, a small patch of woods up one of the narrow paths on the edge of school grounds – a green grass hideaway beneath the cover of high birches and leafy apple blossoms. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Adam suggested it as their new lunchtime turf for the warm-weather months. All eyes turned to the Henderson brothers. They’d had a mission this morning: to set off a stink bomb in third-period math. The plan was to be sent to the new principal’s office together, where they could then tag team and look for evidence. The Circle was looking into anyone new in town, but the principal was number one on their list of potential hunters. â€Å"Shouldn’t we wait for Faye?† Deborah asked as she unpacked her lunch. â€Å"Lately all we do is wait for Faye,† Melanie said. â€Å"If she’s got better places to be, then we should go on without her.† â€Å"I can hear you,† Faye called out from the top of the path. She made her way down slowly. â€Å"As I was saying.† Diana raised her voice. â€Å"Chris, Doug, did you find anything?† Faye made it down the path just in time to nudge Doug in the ribs with her pointy black boot. â€Å"Go ahead, say it. You came up with nothing.† â€Å"We came up with nothing,† Chris said while Doug remained silent. â€Å"But not due to lack of trying. Mr. Boylan seems like a pretty straight-up guy.† â€Å"I don’t buy it,† Nick said. â€Å"He comes into town, and everything blows up. It’s too much of a coincidence. We should question him, push the investigation further.† Cassie noticed Nick was looking at her when he said it. â€Å"There’s no need to be reckless,† Diana said. Nick guffawed. â€Å"Yeah there is.† Nick was immeasurably different from Adam, who was so righteous, always. Even his adventure-seeking was based in devotion; never for a moment was it a form of revolt. As Cassie watched Adam now, she observed how he scrambled around the group, always the mediator, trying to keep the peace above all else. The unity of the Circle meant more to him than anything. That was it. That was the thing rolling around in the back of her mind since they’d argued the other night, the thing she couldn’t quite put her finger on. But now that it occurred to her, it rang out with indisputable truth: Nothing came before the Circle to Adam. Not even her. As if her discreet competition with Diana weren’t enough, Cassie realized she would also be eternally pitted against the Circle as if it were another woman – a woman with greater hold over Adam’s loyalty. How could she have not realized this sooner? Diana, who’d barely touched her salad, glanced at Adam now, and then cleared her throat. â€Å"And has everyone been avoiding Outsiders, like we discussed?† Cassie threw her peanut butter and jelly down onto her napkin. â€Å"You don’t have to be so vague, Diana, everyone knows which Outsiders you mean.† Melanie and Laurel looked down at their lunches. Cassie’s sudden and uncharacteristic insolence obviously made them uncomfortable. Suzan and Sean glanced at each other with widened eyes, and Deborah’s face tightened. But Nick, Cassie noticed, was grinning, amused by her outburst. â€Å"Catfight,† Faye called out, rubbing her palms together. â€Å"Now remember, ladies, no hair pulling.† But Diana remained poised as always and revealed no defensiveness in her reply. â€Å"That rule applies to all Outsiders equally, Cassie. It’s not just about you being friends with Scarlett.† Cassie felt her cheeks redden and her neck heat up. â€Å"You have to believe me,† she said with a shaky voice. â€Å"There’s nothing sketchy about Scarlett. Just because she’s an Outsider doesn’t make her against us.† â€Å"It doesn’t?† Faye said sardonically. â€Å"You can’t say that for sure,† Diana insisted. â€Å"We barely know anything about Scarlett.† â€Å"Yes, I can.† Cassie was yelling now. â€Å"I know what I see when I look at her. And I trust my sight.† It was a low blow for Cassie to mention her sight – a reminder to Diana that it was Cassie alone who had the gift of psychic visions. â€Å"Look out,† Faye said. â€Å"Cassie’s bringing out the big guns.† â€Å"Your sight may be clouded,† Diana said rigidly. But Cassie shot right back. â€Å"Clouded by what?† â€Å"By the fact that you’ve been obsessed with her since the second you met.† Diana snapped at last, losing her cool. â€Å"Aha.† Faye clapped her hands together. â€Å"Finally the truth comes out. Diana’s jealous Cassie found a new best friend!† A round of snickering passed through the group. Suzan and Deborah both nodded approvingly. â€Å"A fault in the flawless marble that is our precious Diana,† Faye said. â€Å"I love it.† â€Å"I’m not jealous.† Diana settled her green eyes directly on Cassie. â€Å"Yes, you are,† Cassie said. Diana was rendered speechless by this final attack, but she refused to take her eyes away from Cassie’s. Cassie wouldn’t look away either. All the frustration and confusion and anger she’d felt over Diana’s rejection of Scarlett and her going to Adam behind her back seemed to be flowing out of her now. And right back at her came Diana’s disappointment and outrage over Cassie’s audacity to defy her and the group. It was a standoff of wills. Was this what they had resorted to? This petty face-off? Nobody moved or said a word, and for a second Cassie thought it could go on forever. But then, of course, Adam got between them. â€Å"Let’s move on,† he said. â€Å"We don’t have much time and we still have lots to discuss. Diana, Deborah, tell us what happened when you followed Max.† At the mention of Max’s name, Faye lashed out, immediately furious. â€Å"You did what?† Diana had a new argument to deal with now, so she reharnessed all of her energy toward Faye. â€Å"We haven’t even accused Max of anything yet. No need to overreact.† â€Å"I have every reason to overreact. You went behind my back.† â€Å"He’s an Outsider, and he’s new in town,† Deborah said. â€Å"You knew he was on our list.† â€Å"And we followed him straight to your house,† Diana said as calmly as still water. Shock broke through the surface of the group, cracking them apart into a fissured hysteria. This meeting was turning out to be much more volatile than anyone anticipated. â€Å"He was at your house?† Melanie’s gray eyes flared. â€Å"So that makes two people who’ve been breaking the no-Outsider rule,† Laurel said with a tinge of antagonism in her usually peaceful voice. Suzan blurted out with her mouth half full of Twinkie, â€Å"But Max wanted nothing to do with Faye. He’s been avoiding her for weeks.† Deborah shook her head, disbelieving, â€Å"Well, something changed. He’s into her now. He dropped his whole I’m too good for everyone thing and was pawing after Faye like a needy puppy. He even ditched lacrosse practice to be with her. It was almost like he was under a spell . . .† her. It was almost like he was under a spell . . .† As soon as Deborah uttered the word spell it dawned on her and everyone. Adam wielded his electric-blue eyes at Faye. â€Å"You didn’t,† he said. â€Å"Tell me you didn’t.† But they all knew. That’s what Faye had been up to all this time, making her late to meetings and secretive about plans. Faye did a love spell to get her crush. â€Å"You swore,† Adam said. â€Å"We all swore not to practice any magic.† Faye waved Adam off with her long red nails as if to wipe him away from her sight. â€Å"It was nothing. A simple love spell is hardly magic at all.† Melanie went to Adam’s side. She was angrier than Cassie had ever seen her. â€Å"They’ll find us now, you know. The hunters.† â€Å"Relax.† Faye laughed. â€Å"They’re not cupid hunters. No one noticed. And no one will.† â€Å"But any slip could mean we’re outed,† Nick said. His hands were balled into fists, and his breathing was heavy. â€Å"We can’t afford to make mistakes.† Faye whipped around and rushed at Nick. â€Å"Why don’t you tell that to Cassie?† â€Å"Cassie hasn’t done anything wrong. You have.† Nick squeezed his fists tighter. â€Å"Are you sure?† Faye shoved Nick forcefully in the chest. â€Å"That’s enough,† Diana screamed out. â€Å"This discussion is getting us nowhere, and we all have to get back to class. We’ll pick this up later.† But how? Cassie thought. How could they possibly pick up all these broken pieces? Everyone gathered their trash slowly and began making their way back to the school building, but Faye stayed put. â€Å"Seriously? You’re all leaving? The fun was just getting started.† Melanie elbow checked her on her way back to the path, but Faye remained unfazed. She called out to Cassie, amused, â€Å"I like the new angry version of Melanie so much better than the boring old reasonable one, don’t you?† Cassie ignored her, stuffing the remaining bread from her sandwich back into its paper bag. â€Å"The new jealous version of Diana isn’t bad, either,† Faye continued. â€Å"And the lying version of Cassie, well, that’s not so new.† It was what Faye wanted, to draw her into a fight, but Cassie couldn’t ignore her any longer. She met Faye eye to eye. â€Å"I don’t know what you’re talking about,† she said. â€Å"And I don’t care, either.† Faye reached out and caught Cassie’s chin with her strong fingers. â€Å"You should care.† Cassie resisted the urge to pull away. The red stone Faye wore around her throat reflected the sunlight into Cassie’s eyes, burning them, but she held her gaze. â€Å"I’m not afraid of you,† she said through Faye’s grip. â€Å"One more of your many stupid mistakes.† Faye squeezed her fingers tighter around Cassie’s chin. â€Å"Hey! Let her go.† It was Nick at the top of the path. Laughing, Faye released her. â€Å"This one can take care of herself, Nicholas. She doesn’t need you saving her. Isn’t that right, Cassie?† Cassie climbed up the path to Nick’s side as Faye shouted, â€Å"You’ll never be Adam, Nicholas. No matter how hard you try.† Cassie looked down the path at Faye, feeling the fire in her gut rise to her throat. â€Å"Faye, you’re pathetic. And deep inside, you’re weak, far weaker than me. Don’t push me to prove it.† Faye licked her bloodred lips and then slid her tongue seductively across her teeth. â€Å"That’s more like it,† she said. â€Å"Give me more of that dark side, Cassandra. That’s what I want to see.† How to cite The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 14, Essay examples

Century medical history free essay sample

An important person was Edward , who discovered a smallpox vaccination. He did not actually invent it, because it had already existed. She ran an experiment on an eight year old boy to test the smallpox vaccine. He did this by giving him first which served as a immunization. Joseph Priestley was an important figure in the century. He discovered the now called element oxygen. Before his discovery, people did not understand what air or what it was made of. He also was a researcher, Philosopher and a Chemist.Benjamin Franklin Invented the bifocals, although he was greatly known for his work In electrical theory. He established laws on how electricity operates, how to store and use It. He Is also famous for his experiment with the kite and key. Rune Invented the Stethoscope. With this he Investigated sounds made by the heart and lungs, and compared It to his diagnosis he got from autopsies. We will write a custom essay sample on Century medical history or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He also wrote the first descriptions of and cirrhosis and also classified lung conditions Like pneumonia, pleurisy and emphysema.Lastly, John Hunter was a surgeon of the century and Is now known as founder of scientific surgery. He made many advances In surgical procedures, while teaching anatomy and surgery. He also first documented reports on tube feeding. By immunization. Joseph Priestley was an important figure in the century. He Philosopher and a Chemist. Benjamin Franklin invented the bifocals, although he was greatly known for his work in electrical theory.He established laws on how electricity operates, how to store and use it. He is also famous for his experiment with the kite and key. Rune invented the Stethoscope. With this he investigated sounds made by the heart and lungs, and compared it to his diagnosis he got from also classified lung conditions like pneumonia, pleurisy and emphysema.